By Agustín Lage Dávila
March 23, 2016
A CubaNews translation.
Edited by Walter Lippmann.
“Viva Cuba Libre” on a street in Havana, March 22, 2016.
Photo: Desmond Boylan/ AP
I had the opportunity to participate in several meetings with the delegation that accompanied Obama and to listen to the President’s three speeches. Now I feel obliged to share with my colleagues what I understood of what was said and of what was not said, because in politics what is left unsaid is often as important as what is said.
There are two complementary ways of thinking to interpret this visit and the whole process of trying to normalize relations: to interpret what it means for an assessment of the past, and to interpret what it means for a projection into the future.
Looking to the past it is evident that the recently-begun process of normalization of relations between Cuba and the United States should be interpreted as a great victory of the Cuban revolutionary and socialist people, their convictions, their resilience and sacrifices, their culture, their ethical commitment to social justice; as well as a victory of Latin American solidarity with Cuba.
There are a few things that are so obvious to us Cubans that sometimes we forget to emphasize them:
I do not think there is anyone fairly lucid and well-informed in the world who can interpret this ongoing normalization process as anything other than a victory for Cuba in its historical dispute with the United States.
Looking to the past, that is the only possible interpretation.
But looking to the future, things are more complex; and there are at least two possible extreme interpretations, as well as intermediate variations:
On the streets of Cuba both are discussed today. I alert the reader at this point that, for now, I will not argue for or against one of these two hypotheses, or their various combinations. Future events will take care of it, and each person will draw “their own conclusions” in this “passage to the unknown” [a reference to the closing sentence of the host of Cuban TV show Pasaje a lo Desconocido or, Passage to the Unknown]
Those who adhere to the hypothesis of the evil conspiracy read the words of President Obama as a false promise or a subtle deception that follow a plan designed to open the doors to US capital and the influence of US media; to allow expansion in Cuba of an economically privileged sector, which eventually would evolve into the social foundation for capitalist restoration and the renouncing of our national sovereignty. These would be the first steps for a return to the Cuba of rich and poor, dictators and gangsters that we had in the ’50s.
Cubans who think like that are entitled to do so: there are many facts in the common history that justify this enormous distrust. These are known and I do not need to list them here.
Many people remember the famous phrase attributed to President Franklin D. Roosevelt when he said of Nicaraguan dictator Anastasio Somoza: “Somoza may be a son of a bitch, but he’s our son of a bitch“.
Certainly neither President Obama, nor the current generations of US Americans of good will (there are many) are to blame, as individuals, for the early stages of this historical trajectory. But it is also undeniable that the history is there, and it imposes constraints on what they can do, and on how we interpret what they do. Historical processes are much longer than a human life, and events that occurred many decades ago influence our choices today, because they condition collective attitudes that have an objective existence, relatively independent of the ideas and intentions of the leaders.
Even distancing President Obama from the aggressive and immoral policies of previous administrations, which organized invasions, sheltered terrorists, encouraged assassinations of Cuban leaders and implemented the attempt to starve the Cuban people; even establishing this distinction, we cannot forget that Obama alone is not the political class in the United States. There are many other components of power there. They have always been present: are present today, will be present when Obama’s term ends within a few months, and will be present in the foreseeable future. We are seeing them in the current election campaign.
To be honest with everyone who reads this note, I must admit that President Obama did not give the impression here of being the articulator of an evil conspiracy, but of being an intelligent and educated man who believes in what he says. What happens then is that the things he believes in (he has every right) are different from those we believe in (also with every right).
That is the second hypothesis: divergent conceptions about human society. These were very evident in every moment of President Obama and his delegation’s visit to Cuba, in all that was said, and in what was left unsaid.
It was very clear that the main direction of the US relationship with Cuba will be in the economic field and within this field the main strategy will be to relate to the non-state sector and support it.
It was very clear in the speech and symbolic messages, that they would distance themselves from the Cuban socialist state economy, as if “state property” meant property owned by an alien entity, not the property of all the people as it really is.
On the need for the existence of a non-state sector in the Cuban economy, we have no differences. In fact, the expansion of the space of the self-employed and the cooperatives is part of the implementation of the Guidelines of the 6th Party Congress. The divergence lies in the role that such non-state sector should have in our economy:
Taking the path of civilized coexistence “with our differences” means that all the Cuban people must know very well where these differences are to prevent –seemingly rational– ad hoc decisions for tactical economic problems lead to strategic errors; and worse, that others push us to these through the things that are said and left unsaid.
We knew how to avoid those mistakes in the beginning of the Special Period, after the disappearance of the European socialist bloc and the rise of the neoliberal ideological tide of the 90s. We will know how to do it now, even better.
Civilized coexistence certainly leads us away from the dangers and barbarities of war (military and economic), but does not spare us from the battle in the realm of ideas.
We need to win the battle of ideas to win the economic battle.
The economic battle of the Cuban 21st Century will occur in three main areas:
The battle of ideas means to consolidate thinking and consensus on where we want to go, and on the concrete ways to get there.
The waters of the Straits of Florida should not be a field of war, and it is very good for everyone that they are not so; but those waters will continue separating for a long time two different conceptions of human coexistence, of the organization of people for social life and work, as well as the distribution of its fruits. And it is also very good that this is so.
Our ideal of human society is rooted in our historical experience and the collective soul of Cubans, masterfully synthesized by the thought of José Martí. He studied and understood US society better than anyone else in his time and said: “Our life does not resemble theirs, nor should it resemble it in many ways.”
The basic belief of capitalism, even of those who so honestly believe in it, is the construction of material prosperity based on private property and competition. Ours is based on the creativity driven by the ideals of social equity and solidarity among people, including future generations. Our concept of society is the future, and although the future is delayed, stuck in the objectives of the present constraints, it remains being what we must fight for.
Private property and competition are the past; and although that past continues, of necessity, existing within the present, it remains being the past.
We must always see the concepts behind the spoken words, and the arguments behind the words unuttered.
The battle for our ideal of human coexistence will be in the hands of the present generation of young Cubans. In their times, they will face challenges different than those of the revolutionary generations of the twentieth century. But their challenges will be equally large and momentous, and also more complex.
In analyzing the complexity of their challenges I confess I would wish to join the Union of Young Communists again. Its card (Nº7784, 1963) I have on my desk right now. I’m still a communist, but I have to accept the fact that I can no longer be considered “young”. But I can share with young people the analysis of what is being said today, and the unveiling of what is not said. And I can build with them the intellectual tools we need for the battles to come.
José Martí wrote in April 1895: “Of thought is the greatest war that is being made against us: Let us win it by thought“
Viva Cuba Libre”, en en una calle de La Habana, este 22 de marzo de 2016. Foto: Desmond Boylan/ AP
Tuve la oportunidad de participar en varios encuentros con la delegación que acompañó al Presidente Obama y escucharlo en tres intervenciones; y siento ahora el deber de compartir con mis compañeros lo que interpreté de lo que se dijo, y también de lo que no se dijo, pues en política lo que se deja de decir suele ser tan importante como lo que se dice.
Hay dos direcciones complementarias de pensamiento para interpretar esta visita y todo el proceso de intento de normalización de las relaciones: interpretar lo que significa para una valoración del pasado, e interpretar lo que significa para una proyección hacia el futuro.
De cara al pasado es evidente que el proceso de normalización recién iniciado en las relaciones entre Cuba y los Estados Unidos hay que interpretarlo como una victoria mayúscula del pueblo revolucionario y socialista cubano, de sus convicciones, de su capacidad de resistencia y sacrificio, de su cultura, de su compromiso ético con la justicia social; así como también como una victoria de la solidaridad con Cuba de América Latina.
Hay cosas que nos resultan tan evidentes a los cubanos que a veces olvidamos subrayarlas.
No creo que haya nadie medianamente lúcido e informado en el mundo que pueda interpretar este proceso de normalización en curso como otra cosa que no sea una victoria de Cuba en su diferendo histórico con los Estados Unidos.
De cara al pasado es esa la única interpretación posible.
Ahora bien, de cara al futuro las cosas son más complejas, y hay al menos dos interpretaciones extremas posibles, y sus variantes intermedias:
En las calles de Cuba se discute hoy sobre ambas. Alerto al lector en este punto que no voy a argumentar por ahora a favor o en contra de una de estas dos hipótesis, o de las combinaciones diversas de ambas. Los acontecimientos futuros se encargarán de hacerlo, y cada cual sacará “sus propias conclusiones” en este “pasaje a lo desconocido”.
Quienes se adhieren a la hipótesis de la conspiración perversa ven las palabras del Presidente Obama como una falsa promesa o un sutil engaño que responde a un plan concebido para que abramos las puertas al capital norteamericano y a la influencia de sus medios de comunicación; para que permitamos la expansión en Cuba de un sector económicamente privilegiado, que con el tiempo se iría transformando en la base social de la restauración capitalista y el renunciamiento a la soberanía nacional. Serían los primeros pasos del camino de retorno hacia la Cuba de ricos y pobres, dictadores y mafiosos, que teníamos en los años 50.
Los cubanos que piensan así, tienen derecho a hacerlo: hay muchos hechos en la historia común que justifican esa enorme desconfianza. Son conocidos y no necesito enumerarlos aquí.
Mucha gente recuerda la famosa frase atribuida al Presidente Franklin D. Roosevelt cuando dijo del dictador nicaragüense Anastasio Somoza: “Tal vez Somoza sea un hijo de puta, pero es nuestro hijo de puta”.
Ciertamente ni el Presidente Obama, ni las actuales generaciones de norteamericanos de buena voluntad (que hay muchos) tienen la culpa, como personas individuales, de las primeras etapas de esa trayectoria histórica. Pero también es innegable que esa historia está ahí, y que impone condicionamientos a lo que ellos pueden hacer, y a nuestra manera de interpretar lo que ellos hacen. Los procesos históricos son mucho más largos que una vida humana, y eventos ocurridos hace muchas décadas influyen en nuestras opciones de hoy, porque condicionan actitudes colectivas que tienen una existencia objetiva, relativamente independiente de las ideas y las intenciones de los líderes.
Aún distanciando al Presidente Obama de las políticas agresivas e inmorales de administraciones precedentes, que organizaron invasiones, cobijaron terroristas, estimularon asesinatos de líderes cubanos e implementaron el intento de rendir por hambre al Pueblo Cubano; aún estableciendo esa distinción, no se puede olvidar que Obama solo no es la clase política de los Estados Unidos. Hay muchos otros componentes del poder ahí, que siempre han estado presentes, lo están hoy, y lo estarán cuando termine el mandato de Obama dentro de algunos meses, y en el futuro previsible. Los estamos viendo en la campaña electoral en curso.
Para ser honesto con todo el que lea esta nota, debo reconocer que el Presidente Obama no dio aquí la impresión de ser el articulador de una conspiración perversa, sino la de ser un hombre inteligente y culto, que cree en lo que dice. Lo que sucede entonces es que las cosas en las que él cree (con todo su derecho) son diferentes a las que creemos nosotros (también con todo nuestro derecho).
Esa es la segunda hipótesis, la de las concepciones divergentes sobre la sociedad humana, las cuales fueron muy evidentes en todos los momentos de la visita a Cuba del Presidente Obama y su delegación, en todo lo que se dijo, y también en lo que se dejó de decir.
Fue muy claro que la dirección principal de la relación de los Estados Unidos con Cuba estará en el campo de la economía, y dentro de este, la estrategia principal será relacionarse con el sector no estatal y apoyarlo.
Fue muy claro, en el discurso y en los mensajes simbólicos, en tomar distancia de la economía estatal socialista cubana, como si la propiedad “estatal” significase propiedad de un ente extraño, y no propiedad de todo el pueblo como realmente es.
En la necesidad de que exista un sector no estatal en la economía cubana no tenemos divergencias. De hecho la expansión del espacio de los cuentapropistas y las cooperativas es parte de la implementación de los Lineamientos surgidos del 6º Congreso del Partido. Donde está la divergencia es en el rol que debe tener ese sector no estatal en nuestra economía:
Emprender el camino de la convivencia civilizada “con nuestras diferencias”, implica conocer bien a fondo y por todo el Pueblo Cubano, dónde es que están esas diferencias, para poder evitar que decisiones puntuales aparentemente racionales ante problemas económicos tácticos, nos puedan llevar a errores estratégicos; y peor aún, que otros nos empujen a ello, a través de las cosas que se dicen y las que no se dicen.
Supimos evitar esos errores en los inicios del periodo especial, ante la desaparición del campo socialista europeo y la marea ideológica neoliberal de los 90. Sabremos hacerlo mejor ahora.
La convivencia civilizada ciertamente nos aleja del riesgo y la barbarie de la guerra (militar y económica), pero no nos exonera de dar la batalla en el plano de las ideas.
Necesitamos vencer en esa batalla de ideas para poder vencer en la batalla económica.
La batalla económica del Siglo XXI cubano se dará en tres campos principales:
En esos campos se decidirá el Siglo XXI de los cubanos.
La batalla de ideas consiste en consolidar pensamiento y consenso sobre hacia donde queremos ir, y sobre los caminos concretos para llegar.
Las aguas del estrecho de La Florida no deben ser un campo de conflicto bélico, y es muy bueno para todos que así sea, pero esas aguas seguirán separando por mucho tiempo dos concepciones diferentes de la convivencia humana, de la organización de los hombres para la vida social y el trabajo, y de la distribución de sus frutos. Y también es muy bueno que así sea. Nuestro ideal de sociedad humana está enraizado en nuestra experiencia histórica y en el alma colectiva de los cubanos, sintetizada magistralmente por el pensamiento de José Martí. Él estudió y entendió mejor que nadie en su tiempo la sociedad norteamericana y dijo: “nuestra vida no se asemeja a la suya, ni debe en muchos puntos asemejarse”.
La creencia básica del capitalismo, incluso en los que así lo creen honestamente, es la construcción de prosperidad material basada en la propiedad privada y la competencia. La nuestra se basa en la creatividad movida por los ideales de equidad social y solidaridad entre las personas, incluidas las generaciones futuras. Nuestro concepto de sociedad es el futuro, y aunque el futuro se demore, atrapado en los condicionamientos objetivos del presente, sigue siendo el futuro por el que hay que luchar.
La propiedad privada y la competencia son el pasado, y aunque ese pasado siga existiendo necesariamente dentro del presente, pasado sigue siendo.
Hay que saber siempre ver los conceptos que están detrás de las palabras que se dicen, y las razones que están detrás de las palabras que no se dicen.
La batalla por nuestro ideal de convivencia humana estará en las manos de las actuales generaciones de jóvenes cubanos, que enfrentarán en su tiempo desafíos diferentes a los de las generaciones revolucionarias del Siglo XX, pero igualmente grandes y trascendentales, y también más complejos.
Al analizar la complejidad de sus desafíos les confieso que quisiera ingresar otra vez en la Unión de Jóvenes Comunistas, cuyo carnet (Nº7784, de 1963) tengo ahora mismo sobre mi mesa. Sigo siendo comunista, pero he de aceptar que ya no puedo seguir siendo “joven”. Pero si puedo compartir con los jóvenes el análisis de lo que hoy se dice, y la develación de lo que no se dice, y construir junto con ellos las herramientas intelectuales que necesitamos para las batallas que vienen.
José Martí escribió en abril de 1895: “De pensamiento es la guerra mayor que se nos hace: Ganémosla a pensamiento”.
June 20, 2016
A Google translation. Revised by Walter Lippmann.
Cuban coffee picker in the eastern province of Santiago de Cuba. Photo: AFP
The next phase of change in Cuba’s relations with the United States will come in the form of coffee.
The Swiss company Nespresso, Nestle SA group, announced Monday that Cuban coffee will be sold in the US as of the end of this year. The long-banned coffee (as a result of the blockade), will be sold in a limited edition called Cafecito de Cuba, in stores, online and telephone trading.
Guillaume Le Cunff, President of Nespresso USA, said it is good to be the first company to provide Cuban coffee to the US market. He noted that Nespresso is very interested in developing a long-term agreement to ensure an adequate supply of Cuban coffee to US customers and improve the living conditions of the Cuban producers.
“We are not thinking of a short-term outcome,” said Le Cunff on Sunday. “This is the point nicial an initiative long term. We are very optimistic to manage and build the project. We want consumers in the US can experience this amazing coffee and enjoy them now and in the years to come. “
Nespresso it allied with TechnoServe, a nonprofit organization based in Washington, assisting coffee growers in Colombia. South Sudan, Kenya and Ethiopia. David Browning, vice president for strategic initiatives TechnoServe, recently visited Cuba to meet with government officials and visit the small farm where the Cuban coffee grows.
Most of the agricultural land in Cuba are managed by cooperatives of small private farmers. They sell their products to the government, which distributes on the island or export around the world. Nespresso begin their experiment buying Cuban coffee beans to European importers, toasting them, then packaging it and selling it in the United States.
Browning said the two companies discussed the new regulations approved by the US government and saw the opening they needed. “It was necessary that lawyers would ensure us that was totally understandable what the US government was trying. Everything was very clear, “he said.
According to USA Today, the next phase for Nespresso and TehcnoServe will help Cubans farmers improve their production process, helping get new agricultural equipment for harvesting plantation, something not clear how they would be implemented.
In a dispatch today, Reuters explains that in April, the US State Department added to coffee and other products to its list of eligible Cuban imports produced by independent producers.
The regulatory change made it easier Nespresso began sales in the United States of Cafecito de Cuba -a premium roasted espresso in their cafeteras- during this fall.
Cuba produces around 100,000 60-kg bags Arabica year, according to the International Coffee Organization. Although this volume is about five times the annual output of Jamaica, it is just a fraction of the 13.5 million bags waiting Colombia, the world’s largest producer of high quality Arabic washing, for this year.
(With information from Reuters and USA Today)
Cuba and exporters of products such as coffee can not yet directly access the US market. In a statement last May 5, the National Association of Small Farmers declared:
On April 22, the State Department announced the decision to include coffee in the list of Cuban products produced by the non-state sector, which would be imported into that country. With this action continuity to a measure adopted by the government of the United States in February 2015, allowing very limited Cuban exports, which excluded all goods and services produced by state enterprises was given.
He did not say the State Department is that the fact of having deprived unilaterally to Cuba – after decreed the lock- treatment of most favored nation, which rightfully ours as State Founder of the World Trade Organization, any product Cuban to be exported to the United States has to pay higher customs tariffs, which makes it practically impossible to import into that country.
It also ignores the Agrarian Reform Law, enacted after the triumph of the Revolution in 1959, did own the land more than 200,000 peasant families, and that the Cuban State has implemented since a program for productive, economic development and social peasantry of our country and ensured the production assistance, access to credit, secure market for their products and other social benefits.
No one can think that a small farmer can export directly to the United States. To make this possible must participate Cuban foreign trade enterprises and financial transactions have to occur in dollars, which so far have not been able to realize.
We are aware that the objective of these measures is to influence the Cuban peasantry and separate it from our state.
[…]
If the government of the United States really wants to contribute to the welfare of Cubans, what it has to do is definitely lift the economic, commercial and financial blockade imposed for more than 50 years, which is the main obstacle to the development of Cuba .
20 junio 2016
Español
By Manuel E. Yepe
September 2009
http://manuelyepe.wordpress.com/
A CubaNews translation.
Edited by Walter Lippmann.
As a source of foreign currency, international tourism is thirty times bigger than it was 60 years ago, with more than 700 million tourists hopping from one country to another every year.
Several rich and highly industrialized nations among the destinations most favored by foreign visitors, and some of them also happen to be top issuers of tourists not only to other no less developed countries but also, and increasingly so, to poor countries where they can enjoy a better climate, a cleaner environment and a richer cultural diversity.
International tourism should be used by the richest countries as a vehicle to repay the poorest ones for the plundering of resources they suffered for centuries as a result of colonialism, neocolonialism, unequal exchange and other forms of sacking and exploitation leading to the dramatic disparity facing mankind today.
However, capitalism has its own set of rules, imposed by big business even to the practice of North-South tourism. Given that the conditions to be met by international tourism are more and more sophisticated, the poor nations find it harder and harder to fulfill them by themselves. Placing the building and management of your hotels and the rest of the tourism infrastructure in the hands of foreign investors is no longer enough to be as competitive as the industry demands nowadays.
For instance, the cruise ships and all-inclusive resorts give the target markets very little chance to make a profit, as the foreign visitors have already paid to the tour operators back home all their travel expenses, including meals, drinks, local transport and leisure activities. In the case of the former, the tourists sleep, eat and enjoy various amenities on board. “All they do when they put into port is damage the environment and get rid of the waste generated during the trip”, grumble those who naysay of this major part of the tourism industry in poor countries. On the other hand, travelers who choose all-inclusive results pay for almost everything in advance: accommodation, meals, soft and alcoholic drinks, sports, entertainment, even the tips. Critics in the recipient countries argue this form of tourism barely helps the local economy and damages the environment to boot. Indeed, most of these resorts are in relatively distant locations far from any major urban center, which prevents tourists from shopping around or enjoying local attractions, mainly because they have paid beforehand for everything their lodgings have to offer. These resorts are owned and/or managed by big corporations that leave the local small or medium-sized enterprises hardly any room to breathe.
At first they offered three daily meals and the clientele would pay for the drinks, but the common practice in the Caribbean made it more comprehensive as a function of developing tourism and making it more social.
In the late 1970s Canada saw the birth of a new mass tourism industry generally aimed at skilled workers who were not as well paid as the traditional tourists from rich countries –which suited the all-inclusive system down to the ground– that provided charter flights, more economic hotel operations and affordable prices that made demand hit the roof.
These all-inclusive resorts promise a vacation without surprises, as the tourists who buy a value pack know that at checkout time they won’t be handed a bill in excess of their calculations.
By the mid-1990s the all-inclusive resorts had become popular throughout the Caribbean and thus forced the big beach hotel chains to jump on the bandwagon.
Nonetheless, the mass tourist operations run by the top corporations in recipient countries have also brought with them serious social damages that the clientele’s few collateral and almost accidental expenses can hardly compensate for. There’s over-exploitation of the local workforce, whose employment insecurity virtually turns them into the foreign company’s slave labor. Consequently, poor areas spring up rapidly around the tourist parks where there are no hospitals or health care centers and corruption and tax evasion, among other scourges, are rampant.
Cuba, on the contrary, has managed to make the most of this economy of scale and stay clear of the social effects that countries like, for example, the Dominican Republic and Mexico have suffered, thanks to the high level of social organization in the Island, the scope of its socialist project, and the fact that the State and its public bodies have full control over foreign investment issues.
Our tourist industry workers are protected and their rights and social benefits guaranteed –an utopian goal everywhere else across the region– and our mass tourism revenues are reinvested in the development and welfare of the Cuban population.
By Manuel E. Yepe
http://manuelyepe.wordpress.com/
A CubaNews translation.
Edited by Walter Lippmann.
When they talk to Cubans today about the benefits of capitalism and plans are drawn to aid them in the transition to that socio-economic order, they are assuming Cuban citizens suffer from a historical amnesia against which they are vaccinated.
At the birth of the twentieth century, Cuba began a direct transition from its colonial condition to a neo-colonial situation in which all consciousness-forming factors –including education, the media and entertainment– pointed to the model of a capitalist nation with the US consumer society as a paradigm.
Deeply divided internally –on the basis of race, gender, income, political parties and other factors– everything took shape according to the dominating interests of the powerful neighbor.
Governments were elected following nominations by political parties representing different sectors of the bourgeoisie, almost all depending on their ties with the United States.
Cuba’s elections were tragi-comic spectacles, initiated with promises and advertisements escalating to blackmail, bribery, scams, fraud and embezzlement. These were occasionally interrupted by cycles of violence that could include US interventions, coups d’état and repression with torture and murders. There would be the corresponding responses of rebellion; until the start of a new cycle… similar to the one before.
The recent restoration of diplomatic relations between the United States and Cuba ended a fierce asymmetric war between two neighboring countries, with a clear victory by resistance of the Caribbean nation. Cuba had endured the violent hostility of the only global superpower for over half a century: the richest and technologically most developed country of the present. The US was determined to reverse the course of Cuba’s history of revolutionary struggles for national independence which had begun in 1868 and peaked in 1959.
Cuban historian and sociologist Fernando Martinez Heredia, in a recent work on the 55th anniversary of the proclamation of the socialist character of the Cuban Revolution, explained:
“At the onset of the second great revolutionary wave of the twentieth century –whose center was in the Third World but which included a cycle of large protests in many countries of the so-called developed world– Capitalism, to go on the offensive and reverse the situation, appealed to such manipulations as weakening the institutions and coordination initiatives that could serve the Third World. It waged “low intensity wars”; increasing conservative practices and political rhetoric, waving flags such as that of human rights, and launching campaigns such as the supposed struggle against drug trafficking and corruption … “.
The powerful US media machine has tried to hijack such words as “democracy” and “freedom“, which expressed the objectives of their struggles, from the peoples fighting for their second and true independence in Latin America. The US media put these words precisely into service to interests more in conflict with the semantic and true value of these terms.
“Cuba is entering a stage in which the great dilemma is to develop socialism or return to capitalism,” says Martinez Heredia. “What is being waged is not a cultural struggle between neo-liberalism and state economy. It is between a socialism, that will have to transform itself and become even more socialist or perish, and a capitalism that has opted to accumulate more and more social force by conquering society through make-believe and by getting Cubans get used to capitalist deeds, relationships and social consciousness.”
“Capitalism continues to exist, and not passively. It is always attacking –sharply or chronically. It will attack mainly by entering, returning, reliving, soaking, infecting the institutions, groups and individuals who want the new and socialist.”
In the battle between these two ways of living, that of capitalism has been receiving many reinforcements in recent times. Its main battlefield is in everyday life: social relationships, the growth and expansion of private businesses and their constellations of economic and social relations, ideas and feelings.
“The current US strategy toward Cuba will deploy a good number of soft and intelligent resources as modern “fool-catchers” in the 21st Century war. They will attempt to erase all of Cuba’s greatness and reduce the country to the nostalgia for “the good old days” before the rule of rabble and the Castros.”‘
“This is the enemy that Cubans now have to fight. An enemy that is trying to seduce Cuba to regain the control it had on the island. It will attempt to do this by means of a cultural war after the resounding failure of the genocidal blockade it still clings to,” says Fernando Martinez Heredia.
June 3, 2016.
Por Manuel E. Yepe
http://manuelyepe.wordpress.com/
Cuando a los cubanos se les habla hoy de las bondades del capitalismo y se les trazan planes de ayuda para la transición a ese orden socio-económico, se está suponiendo en sus ciudadanos una amnesia histórica contra la cual están vacunados.
Con el nacimiento del siglo XX, Cuba inició el tránsito directo de una condición colonial a una situación neocolonial en la que todos los factores formadores de conciencia, incluyendo la enseñanza, la prensa y los entretenimientos, enfilaban hacia un modelo de nación capitalista, con la sociedad de consumo estadounidense como paradigma. Profundamente dividida en lo interno por razones de raza, género, ingreso económico, partidos políticos y demás factores, todo se conformaba con los intereses de dominación del poderoso vecino.
Los gobiernos eran electos según propuestas de candidaturas de los diferentes partidos políticos representantes de sectores de la burguesía dependientes casi todos de sus vínculos con Estados Unidos. Los comicios eran espectáculos tragicómicos iniciados con etapas de promesas, pasquines, chantajes, sobornos, estafas, fraudes y malversaciones, interrumpidos en ocasiones por ciclos de violencia que podían incluir intervenciones estadounidenses, golpes de estado y represión con asesinatos y torturas… y sus respuestas correspondientes de rebeldía, hasta llegar al inicio de un nuevo ciclo parecido al anterior.
El restablecimiento reciente de relaciones diplomáticas entre Estados Unidos y Cuba puso fin a una feroz guerra asimétrica entre dos países vecinos, con una clara victoria por resistencia de la nación caribeña, que soportó durante más de medio siglo la violenta hostilidad de la única superpotencia global -el país más rico y desarrollado
tecnológicamente de la época actual-, empeñado en invertir el curso de su historia de luchas revolucionarias por la independencia nacional iniciada en 1868 y culminada en 1959.
Como explicara el historiador y sociólogo cubano Fernando Martínez Heredia, en un reciente panel por el 55º aniversario de la
proclamación del carácter socialista de la revolución cubana: “Al inicio de la segunda gran ola revolucionaria del siglo XX – que tuvo su centro en el llamado Tercer Mundo pero incluyó un ciclo de grandes protestas en muchos países de los llamados desarrollados- el capitalismo apeló, para pasar a la ofensiva y revertir la situación, a manipulaciones tales como: debilitar las instituciones y
coordinaciones que pudieran servir al Tercer Mundo; librar guerras “de baja intensidad”; conservatizar en alto grado las prácticas y el lenguaje políticos; apoderarse de banderas tales como la de los derechos humanos y lanzar campañas como las supuestas luchas contra el narcotráfico y la corrupción…”.
La poderosa maquinaria mediática de Estados Unidos logró escamotear a los pueblos en lucha por su segunda y verdadera independencia en Latinoamérica vocablos tan expresivos de sus objetivos de combate como “democracia” y “libertad” para ponerlos en uso al servicio
precisamente de los intereses más encontrados con el valor semántico y efectivo de esos términos.
“Cuba está entrando en una etapa en la que el gran dilema es desarrollar el socialismo o volver al capitalismo”, advierte Martínez Heredia. “No es una pugna cultural entre el neoliberalismo y la economía estatal lo que se está librando: es entre un socialismo que tendrá que transformarse y ser cada vez más socialista o perecerá, y un capitalismo que ha apostado a acumular cada vez más fuerza social, ir conquistando a la sociedad con sus ilusiones y hacer que se vayan acostumbrando los cubanos a sus hechos, sus relaciones y su conciencia social”.
“El capitalismo sigue existiendo, y no de modo inerte, sino atacando siempre, de manera aguda o crónica, pero también y sobre todo ingresando, retornando, reviviendo, empapando, contagiando las instituciones y las actitudes individuales y de grupos de la sociedad que la quieren nueva y socialista”.
En la batalla entre esas dos maneras de vivir, la del capitalismo ha estado recibiendo muchos refuerzos en la época reciente… Su campo de batalla principal está en la vida cotidiana, las relaciones sociales, el aumento y la expansión de los negocios privados y sus
constelaciones de relaciones económicas y sociales, las ideas y los sentimientos que se consumen.
“La estrategia actual de Estados Unidos contra Cuba deparará un buen número de recursos suaves e inteligentes, cual modernos cazabobos de la guerra del siglo XXI. Pretenden borrar toda la grandeza cubana y reducir al país a la nostalgia de “los buenos tiempos”, antes de que imperaran la chusma y los castristas”.
Es este el enemigo que ahora toca a los cubanos rechazar, el que intenta seducir a Cuba para recuperar el dominio que tuvo sobre la isla por medio de una guerra cultural tras el rotundo fracaso del bloqueo genocida al que aún se aferra, advierte Fernando Martínez Heredia.
Junio 3 de 2016.
By Manuel E. Yepe
http://manuelyepe.wordpress.com/
A CubaNews translation.
Edited by Walter Lippmann.
The US economy is characterized by the absolute rule of corporations and the relatively low importance of small and medium-sized enterprises in its economic system. Large companies systematically absorb those small and medium-sized ones that are most successful. Those who don’t resist the overwhelming competition from mega-corporations are driven into bankruptcy. Theses are development laws of monopoly capitalism.
It would seem that large corporations and small firms are the two poles of an inevitable contradiction of capitalist development.
That’s why it is so puzzling that, after the agreements between the Cuban and US governments to work together for the “normalization” of relations based on mutual respect of the sovereignty of each partiy, that the United States devotes so many efforts to presenting itself as a benevolent promoter of small private companies on the island.
This is easily seen in a number of actions, among them “spontaneous” offers of business management training that new small business owners in Cuba are receiving. Presumably, all the new small and medium-sized enterprises that have arisen comply with recent Cuban legislation. Its purpose is expand self-employment as a way to avoid over-employment in state-owned economic entities. These naturally comply with the requirements of Cuban laws for domestic investment. Cuban citizens are often surprised when they learn the identity of the owners of these companies.
According to Susan Crabtree of The Washington Examiner, in recent days, the White House convened a secret meeting organized by the Business Forward NGO group. It includes some of the most powerful US corporations, to discuss links with Cuba.
“As part of the ongoing engagement with the business community about the president’s efforts to normalize relations with Cuba, on Wednesday May 25, the White House will host a meeting of small- and medium-sized business leaders from around the country for a briefing on the administration’s Cuba policy,” the official told the Examiner.
It would seem strange that, departing from the classic neo-liberal principles of capitalism, the US central power intervened in issues so commonplace, typical of early capitalism.
Currently, most US citizens entering Cuba are not identified with a rejection of the policies of isolation and hostility towards the island, as had been the case previously. The latest are people who have been subjected to the process of global indoctrination promoted by the large corporations. Among other things, they strive to control the mass media, the means of communication, education, entertainment and others that serve to mold the thinking promoted by the elite of US imperial power.
They are, therefore, imbued with prejudices embedded in their consciousness for over half a century by the hostile regime-change policy and which conflates capitalism with democracy, which is almost its polar opposite.
Consciously or unconsciously, they pass along the goal of dividing Cuban civil society from the socialist state, with expectations –more or less obvious– that the United States might exert its control and influence on Cuba.
These efforts have been present in the “Programs for Transition to Democracy in Cuba” which were formulated since 2003 during the administrations of George W. Bush from 2004 to 2006, based on similar proposals from such US academic bodies as the Brookings Institution.
Spreading delusions and fantasies of the “American Dream”, these activities try to foster the desire to become rich at all costs among newly self-employed Cubans, disregarding the new economic model of their country and its socialist authorities. If successful, they would eventually be totally defenseless against the appetites of international capitalism.
Just as Cuba respects the capitalist structure that governs the United States with the pre-eminence of corporations and their methods to relate, the superpower should recognize the validity of the Cuban socialist system and the central role of the state which uses the market only as a tool to fulfill its eminently social role.
May 27, 2016.
Por Manuel E. Yepe
http://manuelyepe.wordpress.com/
La economía de Estados Unidos se caracteriza por el imperio absoluto de las corporaciones y la escasa importancia relativa que tienen las pequeñas y medianas empresas en el conjunto de la economía.
La sistemática absorción de aquellas que son más exitosas en su gestión por las grandes compañías o la quiebra irreparable de las que no resisten la competencia avasalladora de las megas compañías, constituyen una norma del desarrollo en el capitalismo monopolista. Diríase que las grandes corporaciones y las pequeñas firmas son los dos extremos de una contradicción inevitable del desarrollo
capitalista.
Por eso resulta tan asombroso que, tras los acuerdos entre los gobiernos cubano y estadounidense de trabajar en común por la “normalización” de las relaciones basadas en el respeto recíproco de las soberanías de ambas partes, Estados Unidos dedique tantos esfuerzos a presentarse como benevolente promotor de la pequeña empresa privada en la Isla.
Esto se aprecia fácilmente en las “espontáneas” ofertas de capacitación para la gestión de sus negocios que reciben en Cuba los nuevos propietarios de pequeñas empresas, entre otros actos. Es de suponer que todas las nuevas pequeñas y medianas empresas que surgen en Cuba al calor de legislaciones que favorecen el trabajo por cuenta propia como alternativa para evitar las plantillas exageradas en las entidades económicas estatales, cumplen con requisitos que las leyes cubanas establecen para la inversión interna. Sin embargo, con frecuencia la ciudadanía cubana, se sorprende por la identidad de los dueños y se preocupa por el origen del capital implicado en tales pequeñas empresas.
Según Susan Crabtree, de The Washington Examiner, en días recientes la Casa Blanca convocó una reunión secreta organizada por el grupo ONG Business Forward que incluye algunas de las más poderosas corporaciones de Estados Unidos, destinada a tratar sobre los nexos con Cuba.
“Como parte de los actuales acuerdos con la comunidad de negocios acerca de los esfuerzos del Presidente por normalizar las relaciones con Cuba, el miércoles 25 de mayo, la Casa Blanca será anfitrión de una reunión de líderes de negocios pequeños y medianos de todo el país para ser informados acerca de la política de la Administración hacia Cuba”, informaba la convocatoria presidencial.
Parecería extraño que, faltando a los principios neoliberales clásicos del capitalismo, el poder central estadounidense intervenga en temas tan pedestres, propios de capitalismo primitivo.
En la actualidad la mayoría de los ciudadanos de EE.UU. que están ingresando en Cuba no son, como hasta hace poco, personas identificadas con el rechazo a las políticas de aislamiento y hostilidad hacia la Isla. Son personas sometidas al proceso de adoctrinamiento global promovido por las grandes corporaciones que, entre otras cosas, controlan los medios de comunicación, los de prensa, educación, entretenimiento y demás que sirven para conformar el pensamiento único promovido por la élite del poder imperialista estadounidense.
Están, por ello, impregnados de los prejuicios incrustados en sus conciencias durante más de medio siglo por la política hostil que convoca al cambio de régimen (regime change) y confunde el capitalismo con la democracia, que es casi su contrario absoluto.
Consciente o inconscientemente traslucen el objetivo de separar a la sociedad civil cubana del Estado socialista, con pretensiones más o menos evidentes de que Estados Unidos pueda controlarla e influirla. Estos esfuerzos han estado antes presentes en los “programas para la transición hacia la democracia en Cuba” formulados con insistencia desde 2003 y durante los gobiernos de George W. Bush de 2004 a 2006, fundamentados con propuestas similares de instituciones académicas norteamericanas como la Brookings Institution.
Sembrando falsas ilusiones y fantasías del sueño americano, estas acciones tratan de generar en los nuevos trabajadores por cuenta propia cubanos el empeño por enriquecerse a toda costa, sin formar parte del nuevo modelo económico de su país ni acatar a las autoridades socialistas, quedando así, en última instancia, en total indefensión frente a los apetitos del capitalismo internacional. Así como Cuba debe respetar la estructura capitalista que rige en Estados Unidos con la preeminencia de las corporaciones y sus métodos de relacionarse, la superpotencia debe reconocer la vigencia del sistema socialista cubano y el papel central del Estado, con el mercado como asistente para el cumplimiento de su papel eminentemente social.
Mayo 27 de 2016.
Author: Redacción Nacional | internet@granma.cu
23 de mayo de 2016 22:05:40
A CubaNews translation.
Edited by Walter Lippmann.
7th. Our Party Congress discussed two important projects: Conceptualization of the Economic and Social Model Cuban Socialist Development and the National Plan for Economic and Social Development 2030: Proposed Vision for the Nation, Axes and Strategic Sectors.
As explained in the Central Report of the important partisan appointment, both documents will be democratically discussed by the Party militants and the Young Communist League, and representatives of the mass organizations and large sectors of society in order to enrich and perfect them.
For the information and knowledge of our population, the full text of the aforementioned projects in a tabloid newspaper of 32 pages and the price of one peso will go on sale at all newsstands press and post offices in the country as of Tuesday.
——
Download the 32-page tabloid here:
http://www.cubadebate.cu/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Copia-para-el-Sitio-Web.pdf
Autor: Redacción Nacional | internet@granma.cu
23 de mayo de 2016 22:05:40
El 7mo. Congreso de nuestro Partido analizó dos importantes proyectos: Conceptualización del Modelo Económico y Social Cubano de Desarrollo Socialista y el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Económico y Social hasta 2030: Propuesta de Visión de la Nación, Ejes y Sectores Estratégicos.
Tal como se explicó en el Informe Central de la importante cita partidista, ambos documentos serán debatidos democráticamente por la militancia del Partido y la Unión de Jóvenes Comunistas, así como representantes de las organizaciones de masas y amplios sectores de la sociedad con el fin de enriquecerlos y perfeccionarlos.
Para información y conocimiento de nuestra población, a partir de este martes se pondrá a la venta en todos los estanquillos de prensa y oficinas de correos del país el texto íntegro de los referidos proyectos en un tabloide de 32 páginas y al precio de un peso.
Descargar el documento aqui:
http://www.cubadebate.cu/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Copia-para-el-Sitio-Web.pdf
By Manuel E. Yepe
http://manuelyepe.wordpress.com/
A CubaNews translation.
Edited by Walter Lippmann.
The coming visit to Cuba, on March 21 and 22, of the President of the United States of America, Barack Obama, has the expressed goal of contributing to the process of normalization of relations between the two countries.
But the road to such normalization cannot be undertaken mirroring the model of a situation that existed at some period in the past, because the links between the two sides have never been truly “normal”.
And, in what way could the US oligarchy obtain benefits from the negotiations that are taking place for that purpose in Washington and Havana?
Demands linked to a number of issues have already fallen into complete disrepute. These issues are: human rights (regarding which Cuba shows many accomplishments and the US serious deficiencies); democracy (a term the US foreign policy systematically confuses with capitalism); ties with US enemies (these change constantly because of US foreign policy’s inclination to war); religious intolerance (Cuba is highly regarded for its complete openness to all religions both internally and globally); political fanaticism (Cuban diplomacy enjoys great prestige and has earned outstanding successes in its contributions to conflict resolution in various parts of the world).
Now it appears –at least considering what is reflected by US-controlled or greatly influenced corporate media– that most efforts are focused on demands for the liberalization of the island’s economy to increase its vulnerability to the appetites of Wall Street.
The current slogan, repeated in different ways by these means is “the Cuban government must liberalize its economy in response to every step taken by the United States to partially soften its blockade of the island.”
Derived from this slogan is the warning that “the thaw between Cuba and the United States moves very slowly because of the decision of Havana not to lose control of its economy.”
On other occasions they have used officials or experts linked to the US government to express the claim that the continuation of the easing of sanctions, and some timid steps of the White House to allow exports of some of its products to Cuba –on credit– “will depend on the actions carried out by the Cuban government to liberalize its economy.”
There have also been more categorical demands that “if Cuba does not take steps towards greater openness, both of the economic and political systems, it will be impossible that issues such as the embargo or the Helms-Burton Act are repealed by Congress.”
Or, as bait, offering that if Cuba moves its chips in this regard it will be rewarded, because “then Obama could work wonders before a Congress and a Senate that from January on will have a Republican majority”.
All this leads to the threat that if Cuba wants to get rid of the blockade, it must make the changes demanded by the United States, the think tanks of capitalist thinking and the mass media advocating an economic opening directed to Cuba’s accepting a system of capitalist economy that Cubans rejected in 2011 when –at 163,000 very democratic assemblies– they added, removed or modified a basic text to endorse the roadmap of economic changes within socialism that are being implemented in the most recent period.
For years, the dominant message in the mainstream media indicated that the US blockade was a mere excuse of the Cuban government to hide its economic failure since this had little impact on the economy of the island. Today few dare sustain such a thing, because in just one year of timid measures by Obama, the Cuban economy grew by 4% and became an exception in the region whose GDP –according to the Comisión Económica para América Latina (CEPAL) [Economic Commission for Latin America]– has contracted by 0.4%.
The wisest thing would be for Washington to altogether accept the total failure of its economic war against Cuba and its attempt to reverse the victory of the popular Cuban socialist revolution, in the same way it had to admit defeat in its uneven confrontation against Vietnam four decades ago.
Only that, in this case, they have the possibility of ending its aggression in a civilized way, leaving the door open for a future of mutual respect and eventual reconciliation without the humiliation of having to gather on the roof, as they did in Saigon with low brows of defeat, to board the getaway helicopters.
February 22, 2016.
Por Manuel E. Yepe
http://manuelyepe.wordpress.com/
La visita que en los próximos días 21 y 22 de marzo realizará a Cuba el Presidente de Estados Unidos de América, Barack Obama, tiene el objetivo declarado de contribuir al proceso de normalización de las relaciones entre los dos países.
Pero el camino hacia tal normalización no puede emprenderse tomando como modelo una situación existente en algún período pretérito, porque nunca los nexos entre las dos partes han sido verdaderamente “normales”.
Y, ¿de qué otra manera pudiera la oligarquía estadounidense asegurarse ventajas en las negociaciones que están teniendo lugar para ese fin en Washington y La Habana?
Ya han caído en total descrédito las exigencias relacionadas con los derechos humanos (en cuyo respeto Cuba sobresale y Estados Unidos muestra serias carencias); democracia (término que la política externa de Estados Unidos confunde sistemáticamente con el capitalismo); vínculos con enemigos de Estados Unidos (porque éstos cambian constantemente a causa de la inclinación a las guerras de la política exterior estadounidense); intolerancia religiosa (Cuba disfruta de gran prestigio por su total apertura a todas las religiones tanto en lo interno como a escala global), o con fanatismo político (la diplomacia cubana goza de un prestigio muy sólido y ha obtenido muy sonados éxitos en sus aportes a la solución de conflictos en diversas partes del mundo).
Ahora todo parece indicar –al menos por lo que reflejan los medios corporativos bajo control o gran influencia estadounidense – que los esfuerzos se resumen a la demanda de liberalización de la economía de la isla para incrementar su vulnerabilidad ante los apetitos de Wall Street.
La consigna actual, repetida de manera diversa por estos medios, es que “el Gobierno de Cuba debe liberalizar su economía en respuesta a cada paso dado por Estados Unidos para suavizar parcialmente su bloqueo a la Isla”.
Deriva de este lema la advertencia de que “el deshielo entre Cuba y Estados Unidos avanza a paso muy lento por la decisión de La Habana de no aflojar demasiado el control de su economía”.
En otras ocasiones han puesto en boca de funcionarios o de expertos vinculados al gobierno estadounidense la afirmación de que la continuidad del alivio de las sanciones y de algunos tímidos pasos de la Casa Blanca que permiten la exportación a crédito de algunos productos a Cuba, “dependerá de las acciones que lleve a cabo el Gobierno cubano para liberalizar su economía”.
No han faltado exigencias más categóricas de que “si Cuba no da pasos hacia una mayor apertura, tanto del sistema económico como del sistema político, va a ser imposible que cuestiones como el embargo o la Ley Helms-Burton puedan ser derogadas por el Congreso de Estados Unidos”. O, a modo de cebo, el presionante ofrecimiento de que si Cuba mueve sus fichas en este sentido, será recompensada, porque “con ello, Obama podría hacer maravillas ante un Congreso y un Senado que a partir de enero tendría mayoría republicana”.
Todo esto se traduce en la amenaza de que si Cuba quiere librarse del bloqueo, deberá hacer los cambios exigidos por Estados Unidos, los tanques del pensamiento capitalista y los grandes medios de comunicación que preconizan una apertura económica dirigida a aceptar un sistema de economía capitalista que los cubanos rechazaron en 2011 cuando, en 163.000 asambleas muy democráticas, añadieron, quitaron o modificaron un texto básico hasta refrendar la hoja de ruta con los cambios económicos dentro del socialismo que se han venido aplicando en el período más reciente.
Durante años, el mensaje dominante en los grandes medios indicaba que el bloqueo de Estados Unidos era una mera excusa del Gobierno cubano para esconder su fracaso económico, ya que éste apenas impactaba sobre la economía de la Isla. Hoy, pocos se atreven a sostener tal cosa, cuando, en apenas un año de tímidas medidas de Obama, la economía cubana creció un 4% y se convirtió en una excepción en la región que, según la Comisión Económica para América Latina (CEPAL) ha contraído su PIB en un 0,4%.
Lo más sabio sería que Washington aceptara el fracaso total de su guerra económica contra Cuba y de su tentativa de revertir el triunfo de la revolución popular socialista cubana en toda la línea, de la misma manera que tuvo que reconocerlo en su dispar enfrentamiento con Vietnam hace cuatro décadas.
Solo que, en este caso, se les presenta la posibilidad de poner fin civilizadamente a su agresión, dejando la puerta abierta para un futuro de mutuo respeto y eventual reconciliación, sin la humillación de tener que atropellarse en los techos de los helicópteros con la frente baja por la derrota, como ocurrió en Saigón. Febrero 22 de 2016.
A CubaNews translation. Edited by Walter Lippmann.
The phrase that has been used as the title of this article is intended for many people in our country for whom everything that is produced –or comes from– abroad has a high value and a special meaning.
Examples of this are seen when they use the words “clowns” instead of the Spanish payasos, “performance” instead of the Spanish actuación, trying to give a different meaning to something that can be perfectly expressed in Spanish. They think that with the foreign word the object may seem different and higher ranking.
Something similar happens when we invite a foreign scholar to offer a lecture on a Cuban subject, while in our country we do not give a national expert the chance to give the lecture.
As for books and newspaper articles something similar happens.
Recently an article was published –I received it on January 3rd of this year– which said the Bush family had financed the rise to power of Adolf Hitler. The article gave as reference the book George Bush: The Unauthorized Biography (in the article the word Unauthorized was incorrectly translated as Indeseable [undesired]). It also said the authors are Webster G. Tarpley and Anton Chaitkin, and incorrectly labeled them as US Americans. This is a very interesting and real situation.
We must point out that in the book Estados Unidos, de raíz [The United States, from the Roots] published in Cuba by the Centro de Estudios Martianos in 2007 –that is, 11 years ago– a section is devoted to the links between US companies and individuals, including the Bush family, with the regime of Adolf Hitler. The section begins on page 218 and ends on page 222.
The book mentions and explains in detail the cooperation between the Ford Motor Company with the Nazi regime and how this US company, in coordination with Hitler’s representatives, used the slave labor of Jews and other war prisoners in their industry. In 1939, the company gave Hitler a million marks for his fiftieth birthday, which was reciprocated with a medal the Nazi regime gave to Henry Ford.
The General Motors was also involved in this type of activity. Nearly 300 US American companies were involved; some with subsidiaries such as German Steel Trust, one of whose owners was Clarence Dillon.
Among the law firms that provided assistance to the government of Hitler was the US American firm Sullivan and Cromwell, where one of its top executives was John Foster Dulles.
International Business Machines’ (IBM) services were highly regarded by the German regime; so much so that Adolf Hitler himself gave its founder, Thomas J Watson, the Cross of Merit of the German Eagle with a Star. The services of IBM and the census the company carried out for the Third Reich were taken as the source for the arrest of Jews and the organization of the concentration camps.
Some banking companies joined this cooperation: the Chase National Bank of Paris, a subsidiary of the Chase Manhattan Bank, owned by the Rockefeller family. The Union Banking Company also established strong relationships with the fascist regime. Two of its top executives were Prescott Bush and his father-in-law George Herbert Walker. They joined their capitals to that of German Fritz Thyssen, a close friend of Adolf Hitler.
The rest of the story and more details about it can be found in the aforementioned book, published in Cuba, eleven years ago, written by a Cuban author from the Juanelo neighborhood in Luyanó. His name is Néstor García Iturbe.
Big Capital respects no borders and has no scruples when it comes to making money.
La frase que se ha utilizado como título de este artículo, responde a una situación existente en nuestro país, donde todo aquello que se produzca o venga del extranjero, tiene para muchas personas un alto valor y un significado especial.
Eso sucede cuando a los payasos les decimos “clown”, a las actuaciones “performance”, tratando de que eso varíe el significado de algo que puede decirse perfectamente en español, pero que dicho de esa forma se trata de que parezca algo distinto y de mayor categoría.
Algo similar sucede cuando traemos un académico extranjero para que nos imparta una conferencia sobre un tema de Cuba, mientras que en nuestro país no le damos oportunidad de dar la conferencia a un experto criollo.
En cuanto a los libros y los artículos periodísticos sucede algo similar.
Recientemente se publicó un artículo, que recibí el día 3 de enero de este año, donde se planteaba que la familia Bush había financiado la ascensión al poder de Adolfo Hitler y se daba como referencia el libro George Bush The Unauthorized Biography (George Bush Biografía no autorizada, donde incorrectamente se tradujo la palabra Unauthorized como Indeseable ). Se plantea que los autores son los estadounidenses ( que se calificaron también incorrectamente como norteamericanos ) Webster G. Tarpley y Anton Chaitkin. Una situación muy interesante y verdadera.
No se puede dejar de señalar, que en el libro Estados Unidos, de raíz, publicado en Cuba por el Centro de Estudios Martianos en el año 2007, hace 11 años, se dedica un epígrafe a la vinculación de personas y empresas estadounidenses con el régimen de Adolfo Hitler, lo cual incluye a la familia Bush. Este epígrafe comienza en la página 218 y termina en la 222.
Se menciona y explica en detalle, la cooperación con el régimen nazi de la Ford Motor Company y como dicha empresa, en coordinación con los representantes de Hitler, utilizaron en la industria el trabajo esclavo de los judíos y otros prisioneros de guerra. Esta empresa entregó en 1939 un millón de marcos a Hitler por su cincuenta cumpleaños, lo cual fue compensado con una medalla que dicho régimen entregó a Henry Ford..
También la General Motors estuvo involucrada en este tipo de actividad, cerca de 300 empresas estadounidenses lo estuvieron, algunas con filiales como la German Steel Trust, de la que uno de sus propietarios era Clarence Dillon.
Dentro de las firmas de abogados que prestaron ayuda al gobierno de Hitler estuvo la estadounidense Sullivan and Cromwell, donde uno de sus principales ejecutivos era John Foster Dulles.
La empresa International Business Machine (IBM), cuyos servicios al régimen alemán fueron altamente reconocidos, cuando el propio Adolfo Hitler entrego a su fundador Thomas J Watson, La Cruz del Mérito del Aguila Alemana con Estrella.. Los servicios de la IBM y el censo realizado por esta empresa, se tomaron como base por el Tercer Reich para apresar a los judíos y organizar los campos de concentración.
Algunas firmas bancaria se sumaron a esta colaboración, como el Chase National Bank de Paris, filial del Chase Manhattan Bank, propiedad de la familia Rockefeller. También estableció fuertes relaciones con el régimen fascista, la Union Banking Company, donde uno de su principales ejecutivos era Prescot Bush y su suegro George Herbert Walker, los que unieron sus capitales con el alemán Fritz Thysen, amigo íntimo de Adolfo Hitler.
El resto de la historia y más detalles de la misma, pueden ustedes leerlo en el libro antes mencionado, publicado en Cuba, hace once años, escrito por un cubano, del Barrio de Juanelo, en Luyanó, cuyo nombre es Néstor García Iturbe.
Los grandes capitales no reconocen fronteras, ni tienen escrúpulos, cuando de ganar dinero se trata.
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